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Ballinderry Castle
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Tuam |
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Ballinderry
Castle is in the barony of Clare, five miles south of Tuam,
which the O'Connors made the capital of Ireland in the 13th
century.
The Norman de Burgos built Ballinderry between 1450 and
1500. They were said to be 'more Irish than the Irish' and
adopted Irish laws, dress, language and architecture.
Ballinderry
was a moated castle on the shores of a lough that has since
disappeared. |
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The
castle consisted of a keep with an inner ward and an outer
ward that had a garden. At least two corner turrets at
opposite angles strengthened the bawn of the outer ward that
included a number of buildings. Access was through a
gatehouse from the medieval road.
The castle was typical Irish architecture made of limestone
with a mortar of lime, cattle hair and blood. The stone
vaults were made with wickerwork supports of baskets forming
the vault on which the stones were set in place with mortar.
In many places the wickerwork, more then 500 years old,
remain in place. The roof was covered with slates. Slate and
cobble were on the ground floor. The walls were six foot
thick supporting the 60-foot high building.
The ground floor was storage. The floor over it was the
guards' quarters. The third floor was the kitchen that
retains its massive six by three foot fireplace. The next
floor was a suite of two rooms, the larger having a
fireplace. The upper floor was the largest room, lighted by
large windows. It also had a fireplace. This room was the
living quarter of the master who had banquets there. The
medieval toilets were at two different levels and retain the
French name garde robe. Here clothes were stored preserved
thanks to ammonia.
Defense was carried out from the battlements at the top,
from the galleries at mid height and from
numerous loopholes. On the ground floor all doors interlock
themselves. The main door was strengthened on the outside by
a yet and on the inside by a portcullis. If an attacker got
into the lobby he was attacked from a murder hole in the
ceiling and confronted by fire from a loophole facing
inside. He would then have to climb the spiral staircase,
which is clockwise giving an advantage to the defender
manning the sword with his right hand. Communication between
the floors was insured through chimney flues, which connect
each other for that purpose.
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Sheela-na-gig
This unusually-decorative and slightly-damaged
Sheela-na-gig
has the usual noticeable hair or head-dress: in this case
two long plaits or braids, each twisted into a different
pattern.
A rose, a
bird (heraldic martlet), a very Irish marigold and two
kinds of triskele surround her. |
Ballinderry was taken by O'Donnell took Ballinderry in 1592,
in the same year taken again by Lord Grey for the crown, who
actually wrote a letter while he was there. Crowmwell's army
also took the castle. The castle would be manned by at least
60 men. In 1659 Ballinderry was given to the Nolan family
who had lost their 20,000 acres in Galway and in exchange
received Ballinderry and adjoining lands. In the 19th
Century they erected a manor and left the castle. Captain
Nolan was a strong sympathizer to the nationalist cause and
invited Parnell who stayed in the castle. The last military
use of Ballinderry was as a British outpost during the
troubles.
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See more
Castles
in County Galway
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